Spatial access inequities and childhood immunization uptake in Kenya

Spatial accessibility to the nearest immunizing health facilities in Kenya based on two travelling scenarios. A Scenario 1; Walking only B Scenario 2; Optimistic (a combination of walking and any motorized transport)
Catchment population and travel time at county units. a Proportion (%) of catchment population within one-hour to immunizing health facilities at county units based on the optimistic travel scenario. Proportion estimates are grouped into four categories.

The research aimed to quantify spatial accessibility to immunizing health facilities and determine its influence on immunization uptake in Kenya while controlling for potential confounders. Poor access to immunization services remains a major barrier to achieving equity and expanding vaccination coverage in many sub-Saharan African countries. In Kenya, the extent to which spatial access affects immunization coverage is not well understood. The study evaluated the contribution of travel time equity gaps to immunization status for prioritization. There was substantial variation in spatial access across the country. This analysis provides a basis for better-informed resource allocation at units below the county level that can serve to mitigate inequalities in spatial accessibility and reach marginalized populations.

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